Marcel Duchamp
French painter, sculptor, and chess player (1887–1968) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (UK: /ˈdjuːʃɒ̃/, US: /djuːˈʃɒ̃, djuːˈʃɑːmp/,[1] French: [maʁsɛl dyʃɑ̃]; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French painter, sculptor, chess player, and writer whose work is associated with Cubism, Dada, and conceptual art.[2][3][4] He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, as one of the three artists who helped to define the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture.[5][6][7][8] He has had an immense impact on 20th- and 21st-century art, and a seminal influence on the development of conceptual art. By the time of World War I, he had rejected the work of many of his fellow artists (such as Henri Matisse) as "retinal", intended only to please the eye. Instead, he wanted to use art to serve the mind.[9]
Marcel Duchamp | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Marcel Duchamp, 1920–21 by Man Ray, Yale University Art Gallery | |
| Born | Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (1887-07-28)28 July 1887 Blainville-Crevon, France |
| Died | 2 October 1968(1968-10-02) (aged 81) Neuilly-sur-Seine, France |
| Known for | Painting, sculpture, film |
| Notable work | Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 (1912) Fountain (1917) The Bride Stripped Bare By Her Bachelors, Even (1915–1923) LHOOQ (1919) Étant donnés (1946–1966) |
| Movement | Cubism, Dada, conceptual art |
| Spouses | |
| Partner(s) | Mary Reynolds (1929–1946) Maria Martins (1946–1951) |