Holodomor genocide question

In 1932–1933, a man-made famine, known as the Holodomor, killed 3.3–5 million people in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (as part of the Soviet Union),[1][2][3] included in a total of 5.5–8.7 million killed by the broader Soviet famine of 1930–1933.[4][5][6] At least 3.3 million ethnic Ukrainians died as a result of the famine in the USSR.[7] Scholars debate whether there was an intent to starve millions of Ukrainians to death or not.[8]

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Holodomor
Holodomor Memorial Day National Museum of the Holodomor-Genocide
Historical background Famines in the Soviet Union Soviet famine of 1932–33 Kazakhstan famine of 1932–1933 Soviet institutions All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik) Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Secret police (OGPU) Policies First five-year plan Collectivization Dekulakization Law of Spikelets Reversal of Ukrainization policies Propaganda in the Soviet Union
Responsible parties Soviet Union Joseph Stalin Vyacheslav Molotov Lazar Kaganovich Pavel Postyshev Stanislav Kosior Vlas Chubar
Investigation and understanding 1984 International Commission 1985 USA Commission Causes of the Holodomor Holodomor denial Genocide question Holodomor in modern politics
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Whereas historian Simon Payaslian's overview of 20th century genocides in Oxford Bibliographies states that the scholarly consensus classifies the Holodomor as a genocide,[9] historians David R. Marples[10] and Ronald Grigor Suny[11] earlier argued that most scholars had rejected this classification. The topic remains a significant issue in modern politics with historians disputing whether Soviet policies would fall under the legal definition of genocide. Historian Liudmyla Grynevych [uk] in her 2008 article, shows how among Russian historians the general opinion is that the Holodomor does not constitute a genocide, among Ukrainian historians the general opinion is that it does constitute a genocide, and among western historians there are "varying views".[12] Scholars who reject the argument that state policy in regard to the famine was genocide do not absolve Joseph Stalin or any other parts of the Soviet regime as a whole from guilt for the famine deaths, and may still view such policies as being ultimately criminal in nature.[13][14]

Since 2006, political campaigns have sought recognition of the Holodomor as a genocide,[15] and, as of 2023,[16] 34 countries and the European Union[17] have recognised the Holodomor as a genocide.[18][19]