Disinformation

False information spread deliberately to deceive / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Disinformation is false information deliberately spread to deceive people.[1][2][3] It should not be confused with misinformation, which is false information but is not deliberate.[4] "Fake news" has sometimes been categorized as a type of disinformation, but scholars have advised not using these two terms interchangeably or using "fake news" altogether in academic writing since politicians have weaponized it to describe any unfavorable news coverage or information.[5]

Where misinformation refers to inaccuracies that stem from error, disinformation is a deliberate falsehood promulgated by design.[6] Misinformation can be used to create disinformation when known misinformation is purposefully and intentionally disseminated.[7] Disinformation has been defined as "an adversarial campaign that weaponizes multiple rhetorical strategies and forms of knowing—including not only falsehoods but also truths, half-truths, and value-laden judgments—to exploit and amplify identity-driven controversies."[8]